什么才是不规则动词

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什么才是不规则动词
什么才是不规则动词

什么才是不规则动词
就是过去式和过去分词不是+ed的
原形 过去式 过去分词
abide abode,abided abode,
alight
arise arose arisen
awake awoke,awaked awoken
be was, were been
bear bore borne, born
beat beat beaten
become became become
befall befell befallen
beget begot begotten, begot
begin began begun
behold beheld beheld
bend bent bent
bereave bereaved, bereft bereaved, bereft
beseech besought, beseeched besought, beseeched
beset beset beset
bespeak bespoke bespoken, bespoke
bespread bespread bespread
bestrew bestrewed bestrewed, bestrewn
bestride bestrode bestridden, bestrid, bestrode
bet bet, betted bet, betted
betake betook betaken
bethink bethought bethought
bid bade, bid bidden, bid
bide bode, bided bided
bind bound bound
bite bit bitten, bit
bleed bled bled
blend blended, blent blended, blent
bless blessed, blest blessed, blest
blow blew blown
break broke broken
breed bred bred
bring brought brought
broadcast broadcast, broadcasted broadcast, broadcasted
browbeat browbeat browbeaten
build built built
burn burnt, burned burnt, burned
burst burst burst
buy bought bought
can could -
cast cast cast
catch caught caught
chide chid, chided chid, chidden, chided
choose chose chosen
cleave cleaved, cleft, clove cleaved, cleft
cleave clave cloven
cling clung clung
clothe clothed, clad clothed, clad
come came come
cost cost cost
creep crept crept
crow crowed, crew crowed
cut cut cut
dare dared, durst dared
deal dealt dealt
dig dug dug
dispread dispread dispread
do did done
draw drew drawn
dream dreamed, dreamt dreamed, dreamt
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
dwell dwelt, dwelled dwelt, dwelled
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
flee fled fled
fling flung flung
fly flew flown
fly fled fled
fly flied flied
forbear forbore forborne
forbid forbade, forbad forbidden
forecast forecast, forecasted forecast, forecasted
fordo fordid fordone
forego forewent foregone
foreknow foreknew foreknown
forerun foreran forerun
foresee foresaw foreseen
foreshow foreshowed foreshown
foretell foretold foretold
forget forgot forgotten, forgot
forgive forgave forgiven
forsake forsook forsaken
forswear forswore forsworn
freeze froze frozen
gainsay gainsaid gainsaid
get got got, gotten
gild gilded, gilt gilded
gird girded, girt girded, girt
give gave given
go went gone
grave graved graven, graved
grind ground ground
grow grew grown
hamstring hamstringed, hamstrung hamstringed, hamstrung
hang hung hung
hang hanged hanged
have had had
hear heard heard
heave heaved, hove heaved, hove
hew hewed hewed, hewn
hide hid hidden, hid
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
inlay inlaid inlaid
keep kept kept
kneel knelt, kneeled knelt, kneeled
knit knitted, knit knitted, knit
know knew known
lade laded laded, laden
lay laid laid
lead led led
lean leaned, leant leaned, leant
leap leapt, leaped leapt, leaped
learn learnt, learned learnt, learned
leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
lie lay lain
light lit lit
light lighted lighted
lose lost lost
make made made
may might -
mean meant meant
meet met met
melt melted melted, melten
misdeal misdealt misdealt
misgive misgave misgiven
mislay mislaid mislaid
mislead misled misled
mistake mistook mistaken
misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood
mow mowed mowed, mown
must must -
ought ought -
outbid outbade, outbid outbidden, outbid
outbreed outbred outbred
outdo outdid outdone
outeat outate outeaten
outfight outfought outfought
outgo outwent outgone
outgrow outgrew outgrown
outlay outlaid outlaid
outride outrode outridden
outrun outran outrun
outsell outsold outsold
outshine outshone outshone
outshoot outshot outshot
outsit outsat outsat
outspend outspent outspent
outspread outspread outspread
outthrow outthrew outthrown
outthrust outthrust outthrust
outwear outwore outworn
overbear overbore overborne
overbid overbid overbidden, overbid
overblow overblew overblown
overbuild overbuilt overbuilt
overbuy overbought overbought
overcast overcast overcast
overcome overcame overcome
overdo overdid overdone
overdraw overdrew overdrawn
overdrive overdrove overdriven
overeat overate overeaten
overfeed overfed overfed
overfly overflew overflown
overgrow overgrew overgrown
overhang overhung overhung
overhear overheard overheard
overlade overladed overladed, overladen
overlay overlaid overlaid
overleap overleapt, overleaped overleapt, overleaped
overlie overlay overlain
overpay overpaid overpaid
override overrode overridden
overrun overran overrun
oversee oversaw overseen
oversell oversold oversold
overset overset overset
oversew oversewed oversewed, oversewn
overshoot overshot overshot
oversleep overslept overslept
overspend overspent overspent
overspread overspread overspread
overtake overtook overtaken
overthrow overthrew overthrown
overwind overwound overwound
overwrite overwrote overwritten
partake partook partaken
pay paid paid
precast precast precast
prechoose prechose prechosen
prove proved proved, proven
put put put
quit quitted, quit quitted, quit

abide abode,abided abode,

规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加-ed构成,而不规则动词的变化因词而异英语单词中由动词原形转变为过去式和过去分词时不按词尾加“-ed”之变化规则者叫做不规则动词(Irregular Verbs 因此,不规则动词可以说都是古英语动词的不规则变化因其常用度很高而一直沿用到今天者,所以我们今天在学习英语时绝对无法,也不可能规避这些不规则动词。
从英语的演变来看,不规则动词就是强势动词(St...

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规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加-ed构成,而不规则动词的变化因词而异英语单词中由动词原形转变为过去式和过去分词时不按词尾加“-ed”之变化规则者叫做不规则动词(Irregular Verbs 因此,不规则动词可以说都是古英语动词的不规则变化因其常用度很高而一直沿用到今天者,所以我们今天在学习英语时绝对无法,也不可能规避这些不规则动词。
从英语的演变来看,不规则动词就是强势动词(Strong Verbs)--即其词形变化全依其本身之语音(尤其是元音)变化来进行而不借助词尾的变化。例如:
原形: buy sing speak
过去式: bought sang spoke
过去分词: bought sung spoken
我们学习不规则动词的时候,最有效的方法就是要针对这种词形变化的现象,了解其变化的型式,发出声音背念,使其能自然地隔入我们的speaking和writing,这样才能说确实地把不规则动词学会了。
注:与强势动词相对,须借助“-ed”之词尾来进行词形变化的规则动词就叫做弱势动词(Weak Verbs)。
不规则动词表
1)A---A---A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形,保持不变,除进行式外)
词例:

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
cost cost cost 花费
cut cut cut 割,切
hit hit hit 打
put put put 放下
read # read read 读
hurt hurt hurt 受伤
let let let 让
# “Read” 的“过去式”和“过去分词”的读音和动词原型的不同。
2) A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)
词例:

动词原型 过去式 过去分词 意思
beat beat beaten 打
3) A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)
词例:

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
come came come 来到
become became become 变
run ran run 跑
overcome overcame overcome 征服,打败
4)A---B---B型(过去式与过去分词同形)
分为以下情形:
① 在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t。
词例:

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
burn burnt burnt 燃烧
learn learned / learnt learned / learnt 学习
mean meant meant 含义是
hear heard heard 听见
② 把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”。
词例:

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
build built built 建筑
lend lent lent 借
send sent sent 传送
spend spent spent 花费
③ 其他不规则的各种变化。
词例:

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
pay paid paid 付钱 lay laid laid 下蛋
say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought 战斗
think thought thought 思考 sleep slept slept 睡觉
feel felt felt 觉得 keep kept kept 保持
sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站
understand understood understood 理解 win won won 胜利
catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教
find found found 发现 get got got 得到
hold held held 握 leave left left 离开
make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见
shoot shot shot 射击 dig dug dug 挖
smell smelt / smelled smelt / smelled 嗅,闻 shine shone / shined shone / shined 发光
sit sat sat 坐下 have had had 有
5)A---B---C型(三词不同形)
分为以下情形:
① 在动词原形后加-n或-en 构成过去分词 。

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下
give gave given 给 take took taken 拿,记录,拍摄
see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写
ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶
throw threw thrown 抛,扔 blow blew blown 吹
grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道
show showed shown 展示 draw drew drawn 拉,绘画,抽签
② 过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
speak spoke spoken 说话
break broke broken 破碎
choose chose chosen 选择
forget forgot forgotten 忘记
freeze froze frozen 凝固
③ 把单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”变成“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
begin began begun 开始
ring rang rung 按铃
sing sang sung 唱
sink sank sunk 沉
swim swam swum 游泳
drink drank drunk 喝
④ 其他不规则动词的变化。

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
be (am, is) was been 是
be (are) were been 是
do did done 做
go went gone 去
lie lay lain 躺
wear wore worn 穿

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